Introduction To Phrases
Let's break this up into two parts:
For the first part, let's take the word 'tree' - which represents a tree entity, and the word 'tall' - representing height, and combine them into a descriptive phrase, 'tall tree'. This phrase generates a third meaning, attributing the quality of height to the tree.
That's the essence of the first part. Two words with two meanings, combined in a phrase, yield a third meaning.
The second part differentiates a phrase from a sentence. Consider our previous example. If I approached you and said, "The tall tree," what would you think? Would you fully understand, nod your head and feel like I gave you a piece of sensible information? Or would you be left wanting more? You might ask, "Um. What about it? Are you telling me the tree is tall? Or is there something else about the tree you want to share?"
Now, contrast that with: "The tall tree is beautiful." Does that provide you with complete information to which silence would be an appropriate response? Have you received a statement which you can fully comprehend and react to?
That is the difference between a sentence and a phrase. They both group words together to enhance the meaning, but only a sentence conveys comprehensive information that leaves you satisfied.
Summary
A phrase is a combination of two or more words that convey a beneficial meaning upon which silence is not appropriate.
A sentence is an utterance that conveys a beneficial meaning upon which silence is appropriate.
Sneak Peek - Why did we say 'utterance' for the sentence instead of 'combination of two or more words' like in phrases? This is because in Arabic a single word can form a sentence. That's why we say Arabic is a comprehensive language. What is written as one word in Arabic is translated into multiple words in English, resulting in a sentence.